A stub column is a structural element typically found in buildings or construction projects. It’s a short column that doesn’t extend the full height between two floors or isn’t directly part of the main structural framework. Stub columns [&hellip
Civil Engineering
Valuation of a building depends on many factors like the type of the building, its structure and durability, on the situation, size, shape, frontage, width of roadways, the quality of materials used in the construction and present day [&hellip
Building rent calculation is a must know for a civil engineer. The rent of building is fixed on the basis of certain percentage of annual interest on the capital cost and all possible annual expenditures on outgoings. The [&hellip
Mortgage lease in buildings are mainly referred to money borrowed to finance the construction of the building. So a civil engineer must be well versed with these terms and rules. Here is a detailed description of these terms. [&hellip
Calculation of building depreciation is very important in valuation of a building. Depreciation is the gradual exhaustion of the usefulness of a property. This may be defined as the decrease or loss in the value of a property [&hellip
Achieving a proper concrete mix at site is very difficult for a common man. Even for a civil engineer it is very difficult to attain a good mix and a proper mix is very crucial for the durability [&hellip
There might be a confusion among engineers/owners of residential buildings to use OPC or PPC because there are different types and grades of cement available in market. The main two types of cement are Ordinary Portland cement (OPC) [&hellip
Cement is a binding material and is available in different grades and types. Two main types of cement used for residential buildings are Ordinary Portland Cement and Portland Pozzolana Cement. OPC denotes ordinary portland cement and PPC stands [&hellip
For small residential structures the owner won’t have a consulting engineer to supervise the work and they solely depend on the contractor and trust them blindly. Unfortunately most of the contractors aren’t trustworthy. Defects in concrete are very [&hellip
All structures will develop some cracks both structural and non structural. Most of them are just cosmetic and no need to worry about that. But some cracks may an indication of a larger problem underneath and can be [&hellip